Jesus And The Buddha Folded Paths - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2315 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Religion Essay Level High school Tags: Jesus Christ Essay Did you like this example? Jesus Christ and the Buddha exhibit extraordinary commonalities concerning mythology, teachings, and practices. Is it possible that Christ and the Buddha could have been responding to the same metaphysical message of God? Or, rather, were they merely responding to universal problems within the human condition? These questions can never be answered with certainty, but they can be explored within their respective contexts. If the spirit and understanding of the Buddha can become intertwined with that of Christ, then the world may grow closer to recognizing the symmetry among various peoples. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Jesus And The Buddha Folded Paths" essay for you Create order They may come to see the brotherhood that lies at the heart of both traditions. The stories of Christ and the Buddha bare resemblances like that of brothers with common parents. Both were conceived through supernatural forces from a virgin mother and prophesied to be great kings. In Christian mythology, the archangel Gabriel appeared to Mary to reveal to her that she would miraculously conceive the Son of God. It is written in the Bible, Then the angel said to her, ?Do not be afraid, Mary, for you will conceive in your womb and bring forth a Son, and shall call His name Jesus. He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Highest; and the Lord will give him the throne of His father David (Luke 1:30-32). In Buddhist mythology, the Buddhas mother, Queen Maya, had a dream that a white elephant appeared and entered her side. Prince Siddhartha is born from her side and prophesied by the hermit rishi, Asita, to become either a great king or renowned spiritual guide (Sabau 7). The mythology encompassing their births fascinatingly similar, but there are key differences. Jesus Christ was to become the essence of Gods divinity made man, whereas Siddhartha Gautama was to become either a king in the literal sense or a great sage. Christians believe Christ to be ethereally connected to Heaven as a part of the Holy Trinity, whereas only certain Buddhists believe the Buddha to be a deity of supernatural forces. The theology can be interpreted as vastly differing while the basic story elements mirror each other. However, the theology does not have to be identical in order to reach legitimate common ground. Parents do not expect their children to share identical birth dates, physical traits, persona lities, and behaviors. They simply claim them as their own. The brotherhood between Buddhism and Christianity can coexist amongst their variances just as differing siblings retain their family status. Although Christ and the Buddha followed a unique path, there are places in which they folded as if the landscapes were all part of the same scroll, folded along the same seam. The paths of Christian and Buddhist mythology meet at a line of symmetry depicting their trials in the face of evil. Both Christ and the Buddha are tempted by demons. In the Buddhas story, he is approached by the demon, Mara, while meditating under the bodhi tree. Mara attacks him with violence, seductive temptations, and derision. Mara challenges the Buddha by asking who would speak for him. The Buddha touches the earth with his right hand, and the earth proclaims, I bare you witness!, thus vanquishing Mara and concluding his enlightenment. (0Brien 1). It is written in the Bible, Then Jesus, being filled with the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness, being tempted for forty days by the devil. And in those days He ate nothing, and afterward, when they had ended, He was hungry (Luke 4:1-3). Christ and the Buddha exhibit great faith, asceticism, and patience when forced to sail in a churning sea of adversity. Both stay calm and hold fast t o the truth at all costs. To a Buddhist, the truth is likened to enlightenment, or freedom from the cycle of samsara. To a Christian, the truth is likened to God, or the acceptance into His eternal Kingdom. During their times of trial, both clung to their respective truths. It did not matter how tired, hungry, or alone they were. It is said by some that the Buddha sat under the Bodhi tree for forty-five days. Jesus traveled alone in the wilderness for forty days. The patience and piety displayed under such circumstances could only be attained through holy intervention. Could it be that Christ and Gautama were guided by the same divine force? If so, then they would have been endowed with common knowledge. This is apparent when comparing their teachings. The teachings of Christ and the Buddha emphasize celestial concepts of love, nonviolence, mercy, truthfulness, and sexual conduct. It is written in the Bible, Love your neighbor as yourself (Mark 12:31). The Buddha teaches, Consider others as yourself (Hanson 9). This could be a moral response to the inequality imposed on society during their lifetimes. In the case of the Buddha, the Brahmin priesthood was oppressing individuals via the caste system. In Jesuss time, there was mounting tension between Rome and the Jewish. Christ, himself, endured growing criticism from the Pharisees. Intolerance among different religious groups, including those within the same traditions, mounted to unsustainable levels. Corruption plagued the religious elite. Thich Nhat Hanh writes in his book, Living Buddha, Living Christ, If the Buddha had been born into the society in which Jesus was born, I think he, too, would have been crucified (55). It was necessary to boldly renounce the wickedness of the elite and live a humble life regardless of the consequences. In response to these atrocities, both rose above to preach the message of tolerance and honesty for all. Therefore, the similarity in teachings may not be the result of holy intervention, but a logical response to a human problem. No one wants to be robbed, lied to, oppressed, or murdered. Everyone wants to be happy and free from suffering, or dukkha, in Buddhism. The message of nonviolence seems like an obvious one. Another reason for the resemblance could be that Jesus had knowledge of Buddhism from Indian trade routes with the Roman Empire in Judea. James M. Hanson, in his journal Was Jesus a Buddhist? discusses the possibility of Jesus having knowledge of Buddhism and whether he lived in India during his lost years between the ages thirteen and twenty-nine. Christ could have directly borrowed knowledge from Buddhism according to some theories. Either way, the pri nciples can be impressively comparable. For example, Jesus says, If anyone strikes you on the cheek, offer the other also. The Buddha says, If anyone should give you a blow with his hand, a stick, or with a knife, you should abandon all desires and utter no evil words (Hanson 9). Mercy and grace are valuable pillars of morality in both traditions. The ability to forgive enemies or even loved ones who have acted sinfully is a powerful skill that requires the utmost self-discipline. Both Christ and the Buddha teach that one should bite their tongue and be compassionate. Understand that the wrongdoer is the one who suffers and needs to find peace, for they do not understand the implications of their actions. It is easy to love those that are pleasant, but it is difficult to find room in ones heart for those who are at fault, making this lesson even more sacred. Sexual misconduct is unacceptable in Buddhist and Christian traditions. The Buddha says, Four misfortunes befall the reckless man who consorts with anothers wife: acqu isition of demerit, disturbed sleep, ill repute, and (rebirth in) states of woe (The Dhammapada 70). Christs view on adultery is more radical, as it is written, You have heard that it was said to those of old, ?You shall not commit adultery. But I say to you that whoever looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart (Matthew 5:27-28). It is wrong to have, or entertain the thought of, sexual relations outside of wedlock. This form of dishonesty is considered so severe that it earns itself a unique lesson. True love can only be attained through transparency, benevolence, and exclusive loyalty. These teachings can all be taken to heart regardless of theological context. Grasping the basic lessons found in the sutras or scripture is more important than reiterating the historical context in which they were written. Even though the Buddha and Christ came into two different worlds, their teachings will continue to live on through what truly matters-the practice of their followers. The teachings of the Buddha and Christ have manifested themselves in similar practices. Devoted followers of Zen Buddhism strive to become bodhisattvas, or future Buddhas, sworn to the path of enlightenment and the good of all living creatures (Laughlin 4). Followers of Christianity strive to be like Christ, which infers performing acts of charity and denial of selfish desires. The followers must come together in communities, such as a church or Sangha. Jesus teaches, For when there are two or three gathered in my name, there am I with them (Matthew 18:20). Thich Nhat Hanh mentions that a Sangha must have at least four members practicing together to uphold its name. The Sangha resembles the church in that it has holy people, such as monks and nuns, but also has ordinary laity. The church has holy people, such as bishops, priests, monks, and nuns, but also has laity. These communities can be large or small but cannot be compromised of a single person. Spiritual energy strengthens in n umbers. The goal of both practices is to come closer to the truth, which is enlightenment in the Buddhist tradition and acceptance into the Kingdom of God through Christ in Christianity. Thich Nhat Hanh writes in his book, Living Buddha, Living Christ, that Buddhist and Christian practices are one in the same family, attempting to seek the truth about the world that encompasses all beings (82). When followers come together with shared goals, their energy is manifested in prayer or meditation. This energy is like a mustard seed of faith that grows, or a baby that is conceived in the womb. It becomes like the breath of the divine that existed in the beginning before all things were created. Once the breath of life has been manifested, great things become possible. The mustard seed grows into a large bush. The fetus is nourished and grows into a beautiful child. The followers of Christ and the Buddha seek to bring this new breath to life within their respective bodies of religious prac tice and carry out its message to the world. It is like a sprouting up, continuation, or rebirth, of an ancient legacy in modern times. Thanks to the brotherhood of devotees, these sacred paths of old can still be paved and folded along the seams to meet each other in unity. Jesus Christ and Siddhartha Gautama still walk these paths in the hearts of those who follow in their footsteps through their mythology, teachings, and practices. When the Buddha lay on his death bed with his disciple, Ananda, at his side, the trees suddenly flowered and soft petals gently rained down on him. Fragrances and beautiful music filled the air, and his monks raced to be near him. Before his death, the Buddha says to them, Behold, O monks, this is my advice to you. All component things in the world are changeable. They are not lasting. Work hard to gain your own salvation (Martin). Similarly, it is written in The Bible, And He took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, This is My body which is given for you, do this in remembrance of Me (Luke 22:19). Both are survived by their disciples whom they entrust with carrying on their legacies. Salvation is the final goal to be achieved in both traditions, be it nirvana or the acceptance into Christs heavenl y kingdom. In Buddhism, heaven can exist on earth if an individual perfectly pursues the eightfold path. In Christianity, many believe that heaven exists in some otherworldly dimension. In the Gospel of Luke, heaven is here and now. Luke writes, Now when He was asked by the Pharisees when the kingdom would come, He answered them and said, ?The kingdom of God does not come with observation; nor will they say, ?See here! or ?See there! For indeed, the kingdom of God is within you (Luke 17:20-21). Both Christ and the Buddha give their followers the ability to follow the path of salvation within themselves. The spirit that accompanies them along the way could be a manifestation of something even greater. Could it be the all-encompassing omnipotent voice of God? The metaphysical message of God can simultaneously reside in all things, living and non-living. Christ and the Buddha are interlaced in religious kinship. They resemble each other in legend, lesson, and practice. If these commonalities can learn to coexist in harmony, then the world may come closer to heavenly peace. Everlasting life could either be interpreted as the immortality of the soul, or the preservation of the scripture, customs, and rituals from generation to generation. Whatever the truth may be, the Buddha and the Christ are alive and well. They are two majestic landscapes located in one vast universe. Works Cited Hanson, James M. Was Jesus a Buddhist?. Buddhist-Christian Studies, vol. 25, 2005, pp. 75â€Å"89. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/4139151. Laughlin, Vivian A. The Buddha and the Christ: Looking at Jesus through Buddhist Eyes. Journal of Adventist Mission Studies, vol. 10, no 1, art 7, 2014, pp. 78-87. Digital Commons, https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/httpsredir=1article=1253context=jams Buddharakkhita, Acharya. The Dhammapada: The Buddhas Path of Wisdom. Www.buddhanet.net, 1985, www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/scrndhamma.pdf. Accessed 2 December 2018. OBrien, Barbara. The Enlightenment of the Buddha. ThoughtCo, Jun. 22, 2018, thoughtco.com/the-enlightenment-of-the-buddha-449789. Martin, Gary. What the Buddha Said Just before Dying. Phrasefinder, 2018, www.phrases.org.uk/quotes/last-words/buddha.html. Hanh, Thich Nhat. Living Buddha, Living Christ. Riverhead, 1997.

Local Economic Development For The City Of Johannesburg...

1. Introduction This strategic implementation plan below represents recommendations for the local economic development for the city of Johannesburg South Africa. These recommendations are put forward to identify local strategies and actions that may be used to assist with the retention of workers within the South African economy, grow the work force and maximize opportunities for economic growth. . Local economic development involves identifying and utilizing local resources in creating opportunities for economic growth and employment. Successful local economic development depends on local partnerships as well as on national and regional structures to promote and support local initiatives. LED is usually strategically planned by local†¦show more content†¦One of the main factors behind the high income inequality in South African is to the country’s low employment rate. During the year of 2017, 43% of people aged 15 to 64 in South Africa have a working paid job. When being compared, 49% of men currently have a paid job, were only 37% of women have a paid job. In South Africa, 18% of employees work very long hours. This is truer for men than women, as 22% of men work very long hours compared with about 13% of women. The entire South African population during the year 2017 has been estimated to be at approximately 55 million people with a median age is 25.9 Years. The population of the city of Johannesburg specifically was estimated at 4,434,827 within the city limits. Education is an important skill for most South Africans during the job searching process. In South Africa, 65% of adults aged 25-64 have completed a secondary education. When being compared, 66 % of men have successfully completed high-school diploma compared to 64% of women. 3. Our Goal The future of the city of Johannesburg lies in creating a sustainable way of life for all the people of the community. 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Ramadan Free Essays

In the article â€Å"Young Saudis Reinvent Ramadan,† the author highlights some issues involved in the celebration of Ramadan, or the month meant for fasting. In most places, particularly in the rich country of Saudi, young and old turn night into day to be able to eat, watch and do other things, while spending the day sleeping. Even some services are available until dawn. We will write a custom essay sample on Ramadan or any similar topic only for you Order Now These practices are highly contradictory to the real essence of Ramadan, which is to sacrifice by fasting during the day in order to atone for past sins and be reborn after the month is over. Sleeping during the day undermines the value of sacrifice since those who do this are free to indulge during the night. The government and its people have practiced Ramadan for a long time but the practice had been superficial, as pointed out by the author. Another issue that the author highlights is how many Saudis have taken a new look at the puritanical approach to Islam after the fateful 911 attack. Many Saudis have now realized that extremism does not necessarily mean you are doing things for God. The students and young people described in the article are modernist because they chose to return to the real essence of Islam, which is making God the center of everything. Modernism makes God the center of the universe and the ultimate authority. Modernism is also about making the religious practice adapt to the times. They used their belief to apply to the modern world by helping to alleviate even for a while the needs of the people around them. They did not eliminate God from the center, instead, they refocused and found new meaning. The article as a whole speaks of hope and better understanding spreading among the youths of Saudi. They saw the excesses of the population during Ramadan and want to take a lead in reviving the real spirit of fasting. By giving to the poor, the young Saudi persons hope that the rest of the population would follow and remain true to the spirit of Ramadan. How to cite Ramadan, Papers

Network Security and Access Control Internet Security

Question: You are a senior network security professional at your company. Your company has 150 employees. Each employee has his or her own terminal to access the companys network. There are also 15 wireless access points to support access for portable devices. You are charged with the task of assessing the current wireless network vulnerabilities and pointing out how threats can exploit theses vulnerabilities to launch security breaches. In addition, you are required to provide recommendations related to access control to reduce possible risks. Answer: Executive Summary This report deals with the internet security that are vulnerable towards attacks. There are several attacks such as viruses, worms, Trojan Horse, Payloads, Rootkits and Phishing that attack the network. In addition to this, the recommendations of these attacks such as use of antivirus, encryption and turning off identifier broadcasting are also discussed vividly. Introduction With the modernization of the internet, it has facilitated millions of employees, customers and business partners to get an easy access with each other. Hermann Fabian (2014) commented on the fact that the total organizations now days are totally dependent on the IT system for performing the work smoothly and effectively as well as to get a competitive advantage over other competitors. But with this access, the threats regarding the internet breaching has also increased considerably. The hackers and cyber criminals attack the websites, information systems as well as databases of the organization without even entering the organizations host country (Bradbury, 2010). This report will be dealing with the vulnerabilities regarding the wireless network and their ways of attack along with recommendations for reducing the effect of these attacks. Vulnerabilities regarding the current wireless network Viruses- These are the programs that affix themselves to the genuine programs on the machine of the victim. The viruses are spread through emails with attachments, file sharing programs from malicious websites. The virus programs targets the Operating Systems along with its applications for maximizing the damage. In addition to this Coppola et al. (2008) opinioned that through the network applications virus is also spread now days. Payloads- Barnes (2014) had commented that after the worms and viruses have propagated themselves payloads come into action that are the pieces of codes that damage the computer system. The payloads pop up the messages on the screen of the user that do substantial damage by clogging the network with high traffic and thereby shut down the internet. Trojan Horse- According to Farrell (2010) Trojan horses are also the programs that hide itself by erasing the system file and then taking up the name of the system file. They are difficult to detect since they look like the system files. Phishing- According to Karrenberg (2010) in this kind of attack, e-mails messages are sent to the victims that attack the computer system and gives out the sensitive information. The phishing attacks are the authentic looking emails as well as websites that are the major attacks. Rootkits- Rootkits are the programs that prevent the operating system from noticing their presence. Kociatkiewicz Kostera (2009) commented that these Rootkits generally attacks the root account that uses the privileges for hiding themselves. Ways that these vulnerabilities breach the security Denial of Service (DoS) Attack- According to Ramstetter, Yang Yao (2010) a Denial-of-Service attack happens when the attacker bombards a targeted access point continuously with failure messages, commands along with bogus requests. These kind of attacks that are prone to wireless networks. These kinds of attacks are totally based on the protocol abuse as per example Extensible Authentication Protocol (Yau et al. 2012). Here, the attacker attacks in such a way that it is unable to serve the legitimate users. These attacks are more prone towards the wireless networks. This attacks in such a way that a transmitter is set that covers the band where the wireless LAN operates. Teneyuca (2011) commented on the fact that this is done to ensure whether the transmitter is sufficiently powerful for overwhelming the weak. DOS attempts to make the server and network unavailable to provide service to the users by overflowing it with attack packets. Here, the internet hosts that include the clients , servers or both that flood the network and server with the attack packets (Kah Leng, 2015). Eavesdropping- Bradbury (2010) commented on the fact that wireless LANs broadcast network transfer into space where it becomes impossible to know who all are receiving the signals. As a result, the network traffic is subjected to eavesdropping as well as interception by the third parties. It is generally an unauthorized interception of a confidential communication that works on the real time basis. It is much easy to execute with IP based calls rather than TDM-based calls. It is a network layer attack that consists of capturing the packets from the network that is transmitted by others computers. Diagram regarding the network Figure 1: Network Structure (Source: As created by Author) Recommendations for reducing the risk Usage of Encryption- Coppola et al. (2008) commented that encryption is a modern way of securing the networks. In this process the wireless network are encrypted so that it is prevented from the outside intruders. Here, the plain text is transferred into cipher text by use of suitable algorithms. The receiver when receives the message decrypts it by using the secured key that is sent to the receiver by the sender. Turning off the identifier broadcasting- According to Yau et al. (2012) the wireless routers have identifier broadcasting which is necessary for sending out signals for announcing the presence. The hackers in order to hack and break the security, identifies the network and thereby attacks it. To prevent the hackers to identify the broadcasting, one should disable this mechanism in the wireless router. Using the antivirus, firewall and anti-spyware software- The antivirus, firewall etc. are need to be used for protecting the network from the virus attacks, worms, Trojan Horse etc. Teneyuca (2011) had opinioned that these also need to be installed and kept updated to protect the network from the attacks of the intruders. Downloads or surfing of unknown website also need to be reduced to certain extent for preventing the attacks of the intruders. Conclusion This report has dealt with the different kinds of attacks on network along with the procedure how the network is been attacked. In addition to this, the various ways of dealing these attacks are also discussed that help in protecting the wireless network to the maximum extent. The usage of this antivirus, firewalls and other measures helps the users I keeping the organization safe from the hands of the intruders. References Barnes, P. (2014). Using DNS to protect networks from threats within. Network Security, 2014(3), 9-11. doi:10.1016/s1353-4858(14)70030-3 Bradbury, D. (2010). A dogtag for the Internet. Computer Fraud Security, 2010(10), 10-13. doi:10.1016/s1361-3723(10)70132-9 Coppola, M., Jgou, Y., Matthews, B., Morin, C., Prieto, L., Snchez, . et al. (2008). Virtual Organization Support within a Grid-Wide Operating System. IEEE Internet Comput., 12(2), 20-28. doi:10.1109/mic.2008.47 Coppola, M., Jgou, Y., Matthews, B., Morin, C., Prieto, L., Snchez, . et al. (2008). Virtual Organization Support within a Grid-Wide Operating System. IEEE Internet Comput., 12(2), 20-28. doi:10.1109/mic.2008.47 Farrell, S. (2010). Why didn't we spot that? [Practical Security. IEEE Internet Comput., 14(1), 84-87. doi:10.1109/mic.2010.21 Hermann, S., Fabian, B. (2014). A Comparison of Internet Protocol (IPv6) Security Guidelines. Future Internet, 6(1), 1-60. doi:10.3390/fi6010001 Kah Leng, T. (2015). Internet defamation and the online intermediary. Computer Law Security Review, 31(1), 68-77. doi:10.1016/j.clsr.2014.11.009 Karrenberg, D. (2010). DNSSEC: Securing the global infrastructure of the Internet. Network Security, 2010(6), 4-6. doi:10.1016/s1353-4858(10)70080-5 Kociatkiewicz, J., Kostera, M. (2009). Experiencing the Shadow: Organizational Exclusion and Denial within Experience Economy. Organization, 17(2), 257-282. doi:10.1177/1350508409341114 Ramstetter, J., Yang, Y., Yao, D. (2010). Applications and Security of Next-Generation, User-Centric Wireless Systems. Future Internet, 2(3), 190-211. doi:10.3390/fi2030190 Teneyuca, D. (2011). Internet cloud security: The illusion of inclusion. Information Security Technical Report, 16(3-4), 102-107. doi:10.1016/j.istr.2011.08.005 Yau, W., Phan, R., Heng, S., Goi, B. (2012). Security models for delegated keyword searching within encrypted contents. J Internet Serv Appl, 3(2), 233-241. doi:10.1007/s13174-012-0063-1